Detailed Description

Container for byte arrays.

Initialization

An as_bytes should be initialized via one of the provided function.

The as_bytes_inita(), as_bytes_init() and as_bytes_new() are used to initialize empty internal buffers of a specified size.

To initialize a stack allocated as_string, use as_bytes_init():

as_bytes b;

as_bytes_init(&b, 20);

The above initialized the variable, and allocated 20 bytes to the buffer using cf_malloc().

To use only stack allocated buffer for as_bytes, ten you should use as_bytes_inita():

as_bytes b;

as_bytes_inita(&b, 20);

You will see the APIs of the two are very similar. The key difference is as_bytes_inita() is a macro, which performs stack allocation inline.

If you need a heap allocated as_bytes instance, then you should use as_bytes_new():

as_bytes * b = as_bytes_new(20);

Wrapping Byte Arrays

If you already have a byte array allocated and want to simply wrap it in an as_bytes, then use either:

The as_bytes_init_wrap() function is used to initialize a stack allocated as_bytes, then set the internal buffer to the byte array provided.

The as_bytes_new_wrap() function is used to create an initialize a new heap allocated as_bytes, then it will set the internal buffer to the byte array provided.

Destruction

When the as_bytes instance is no longer required, then you should release the resources associated with it via as_bytes_destroy():

as_bytes_destroy(b);

Usage

as_bytes has a number of functions for reading and writing data to its internal buffer.

For reading at specified index:

Function	Description
as_bytes_get()	Copy the bytes in the buffer to another buffer.
as_bytes_get_byte()	Read a byte from the buffer
as_bytes_get_int16()	Read a 16-bit integer from the buffer
as_bytes_get_int32()	Read a 32-bit integer from the buffer
as_bytes_get_int64()	Read a 64-bit integer from the buffer

For writing at specified index:

Function	Description
as_bytes_set()	Copy a byte array into the buffer.
as_bytes_set_byte()	Write a byte from the buffer
as_bytes_set_int16()	Write a 16-bit integer from the buffer
as_bytes_set_int32()	Write a 32-bit integer from the buffer
as_bytes_set_int64()	Write a 64-bit integer from the buffer

For writing at to the end of the buffer:

Function	Description
as_bytes_append()	Copy a byte array into the buffer.
as_bytes_append_byte()	Write a byte from the buffer
as_bytes_append_int16()	Write a 16-bit integer from the buffer
as_bytes_append_int32()	Write a 32-bit integer from the buffer
as_bytes_append_int64()	Write a 64-bit integer from the buffer

Conversions

as_bytes is derived from as_val, so it is generally safe to down cast:

as_val val = (as_val) b;

However, upcasting is more error prone. When doing so, you should use as_bytes_fromval(). If conversion fails, then the return value is NULL.

as_bytes * i = as_bytes_fromval(val);

Definition at line 250 of file as_bytes.h.

#include "as_bytes.h"

Inheritance diagram for as_bytes:

Collaboration diagram for as_bytes:

Data Fields
uint32_t	capacity

bool	free

uint32_t	size

as_bytes_type	type

uint8_t *	value

Data Fields inherited from as_val
uint32_t	count

bool	free

as_val_t	type

Related Functions
(Note that these are not member functions.)
AS_EXTERN bool	as_bytes_append (as_bytes bytes, const uint8_t value, uint32_t size)

static bool	as_bytes_append_byte (as_bytes *bytes, uint8_t value)

static bool	as_bytes_append_double (as_bytes *bytes, double value)

static bool	as_bytes_append_int16 (as_bytes *bytes, int16_t value)

static bool	as_bytes_append_int32 (as_bytes *bytes, int32_t value)

static bool	as_bytes_append_int64 (as_bytes *bytes, int64_t value)

static uint32_t	as_bytes_capacity (const as_bytes *bytes)

AS_EXTERN uint32_t	as_bytes_copy (const as_bytes bytes, uint32_t index, uint8_t value, uint32_t size)

static void	as_bytes_destroy (as_bytes *bytes)

AS_EXTERN bool	as_bytes_ensure (as_bytes *bytes, uint32_t capacity, bool resize)

static as_bytes *	as_bytes_fromval (const as_val *v)

static uint8_t *	as_bytes_get (const as_bytes *bytes)

static uint32_t	as_bytes_get_byte (const as_bytes bytes, uint32_t index, uint8_t value)

static uint32_t	as_bytes_get_double (const as_bytes bytes, uint32_t index, double value)

static uint32_t	as_bytes_get_int16 (const as_bytes bytes, uint32_t index, int16_t value)

static uint32_t	as_bytes_get_int32 (const as_bytes bytes, uint32_t index, int32_t value)

static uint32_t	as_bytes_get_int64 (const as_bytes bytes, uint32_t index, int64_t value)

static as_bytes_type	as_bytes_get_type (const as_bytes *bytes)

AS_EXTERN uint32_t	as_bytes_get_var_int (const as_bytes bytes, uint32_t index, uint32_t value)

static uint8_t *	as_bytes_getorelse (const as_bytes bytes, uint8_t fallback)

AS_EXTERN as_bytes *	as_bytes_init (as_bytes *bytes, uint32_t capacity)

AS_EXTERN as_bytes *	as_bytes_init_wrap (as_bytes bytes, uint8_t value, uint32_t size, bool free)

AS_EXTERN as_bytes *	as_bytes_new (uint32_t capacity)

AS_EXTERN as_bytes *	as_bytes_new_wrap (uint8_t *value, uint32_t size, bool free)

AS_EXTERN bool	as_bytes_set (as_bytes bytes, uint32_t index, const uint8_t value, uint32_t size)

static bool	as_bytes_set_byte (as_bytes *bytes, uint32_t index, uint8_t value)

static bool	as_bytes_set_double (as_bytes *bytes, uint32_t index, double value)

static bool	as_bytes_set_int16 (as_bytes *bytes, uint32_t index, int16_t value)

static bool	as_bytes_set_int32 (as_bytes *bytes, uint32_t index, int32_t value)

static bool	as_bytes_set_int64 (as_bytes *bytes, uint32_t index, int64_t value)

static void	as_bytes_set_type (as_bytes *bytes, as_bytes_type type)

AS_EXTERN uint32_t	as_bytes_set_var_int (const as_bytes *bytes, uint32_t index, uint32_t value)

static uint32_t	as_bytes_size (const as_bytes *bytes)

static uint8_t *	as_bytes_tobytes (const as_bytes bytes, uint32_t size)

static as_val *	as_bytes_toval (const as_bytes *b)

AS_EXTERN bool	as_bytes_truncate (as_bytes *bytes, uint32_t n)

Friends And Related Function Documentation

AS_EXTERN bool as_bytes_append	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		const uint8_t *	value,
		uint32_t	size
	)

uint8_t value[3] = {'a','b','c'};
as_bytes_append(&bytes, value, 3);

Parameters

bytes	The bytes to append to.
value	The buffer to read from.
size	The number of bytes to read from the value.

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

static bool as_bytes_append_byte	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint8_t	value
	)

as_bytes_append_byte(&bytes, 'a');

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

Definition at line 817 of file as_bytes.h.

static bool as_bytes_append_double	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		double	value
	)

as_bytes_append_double(&bytes, 123.456);

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

Definition at line 881 of file as_bytes.h.

static bool as_bytes_append_int16	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		int16_t	value
	)

as_bytes_append_int16(&bytes, 123);

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

Definition at line 833 of file as_bytes.h.

static bool as_bytes_append_int32	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		int32_t	value
	)

as_bytes_append_int32(&bytes, 123);

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

Definition at line 849 of file as_bytes.h.

static bool as_bytes_append_int64	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		int64_t	value
	)

as_bytes_append_int64(&bytes, 123);

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

Definition at line 865 of file as_bytes.h.

static uint32_t as_bytes_capacity ( const as_bytes * bytes )

Parameters

bytes The bytes to get the capacity of.

Returns: The number of bytes allocated.

Definition at line 434 of file as_bytes.h.

AS_EXTERN uint32_t as_bytes_copy	(	const as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		uint8_t *	value,
		uint32_t	size
	)

uint8_t value[3] = {0};
uint32_t sz = as_bytes_copy(&bytes, 0, value, 3);
if ( sz == 0 ) {
    // sz == 0, means that an error occurred
}

Parameters

bytes	The bytes to read from.
index	The positing in bytes to read from.
value	The byte buffer to copy into.
size	The number of bytes to copy into the buffer.

Returns: The number of bytes read and stored into value. 0 (zero) indicates an error has occurred.

static void as_bytes_destroy ( as_bytes * bytes )

as_bytes_destroy(bytes);

Parameters

bytes The bytes to destroy.

Definition at line 401 of file as_bytes.h.

AS_EXTERN bool as_bytes_ensure	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	capacity,
		bool	resize
	)

If resize is true and capacity exceeds the capacity of the bytes's buffer, then resize the capacity of the buffer to capacity bytes. If the buffer was heap allocated, then cf_realloc() will be used to resize. If the buffer was stack allocated, it will be converted to a heap allocated buffer using cf_malloc() and then its contents will be copied into the new heap allocated buffer.

If resize is false, and if the capacity is not sufficient, then return false.

as_bytes_ensure(&bytes, 100, true);

Parameters

bytes	The bytes to ensure the capacity of.
capacity	The total number of bytes to ensure bytes can handle.
resize	If true and capacity is not sufficient, then resize the buffer.

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

static as_bytes * as_bytes_fromval ( const as_val * v )

Definition at line 977 of file as_bytes.h.

static uint8_t * as_bytes_get ( const as_bytes * bytes )

uint8_t * raw = as_bytes_get(&bytes);

Parameters

bytes The bytes to get the raw value from.

Returns: The pointer to the raw value.

Definition at line 503 of file as_bytes.h.

static uint32_t as_bytes_get_byte	(	const as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		uint8_t *	value
	)

uint8_t value = 0;
uint32_t sz = as_bytes_get_byte(&bytes, 0, &value);
if ( sz == 0 ) {
    // sz == 0, means that an error occurred
}

Returns: The number of bytes read and stored into value. 0 (zero) indicates an error has occurred.

Definition at line 555 of file as_bytes.h.

static uint32_t as_bytes_get_double	(	const as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		double *	value
	)

double value = 0;
uint32_t sz = as_bytes_get_double(&bytes, 0, &value);
if ( sz == 0 ) {
    // sz == 0, means that an error occurred
}

Returns: The number of bytes read and stored into value. 0 (zero) indicates an error has occurred.

Definition at line 639 of file as_bytes.h.

static uint32_t as_bytes_get_int16	(	const as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		int16_t *	value
	)

int16_t value = 0;
uint32_t sz = as_bytes_get_int16(&bytes, 0, &value);
if ( sz == 0 ) {
    // sz == 0, means that an error occurred
}

Returns: The number of bytes read and stored into value. 0 (zero) indicates an error has occurred.

Definition at line 576 of file as_bytes.h.

static uint32_t as_bytes_get_int32	(	const as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		int32_t *	value
	)

int32_t value = 0;
uint32_t sz = as_bytes_get_int32(&bytes, 0, &value);
if ( sz == 0 ) {
    // sz == 0, means that an error occurred
}

Returns: The number of bytes read and stored into value. 0 (zero) indicates an error has occurred.

Definition at line 597 of file as_bytes.h.

static uint32_t as_bytes_get_int64	(	const as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		int64_t *	value
	)

int64_t value = 0;
uint32_t sz = as_bytes_get_int64(&bytes, 0, &value);
if ( sz == 0 ) {
    // sz == 0, means that an error occurred
}

Returns: The number of bytes read and stored into value. 0 (zero) indicates an error has occurred.

Definition at line 618 of file as_bytes.h.

static as_bytes_type as_bytes_get_type ( const as_bytes * bytes )

Parameters

bytes The bytes to get the type of.

Returns: The type of bytes.

Definition at line 449 of file as_bytes.h.

AS_EXTERN uint32_t as_bytes_get_var_int	(	const as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		uint32_t *	value
	)

uint32_t value = 0;
uint32_t sz = as_bytes_get_var_int(&bytes, 0, &value);
if ( sz == 0 ) {
    // sz == 0, means that an error occurred
}

Returns: The number of bytes copied in to value.

static uint8_t * as_bytes_getorelse	(	const as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint8_t *	fallback
	)

uint8_t * raw = as_bytes_getorelse(&bytes, NULL);

Parameters

bytes	The bytes to get the raw value from.
fallback	The value to return if bytes is NULL.

Returns: The pointer to the raw value if bytes is not NULL. Otherwise return the fallback.

Definition at line 485 of file as_bytes.h.

AS_EXTERN as_bytes * as_bytes_init	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	capacity
	)

as_bytes bytes;

as_bytes_init_empty(&bytes, 10);

Parameters

bytes	The bytes to initialize.
capacity	The number of bytes to allocate on the heap.

Returns: On success, the initializes bytes. Otherwise NULL.

AS_EXTERN as_bytes * as_bytes_init_wrap	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint8_t *	value,
		uint32_t	size,
		bool	free
	)

uint8_t raw[10] = {0};
as_bytes bytes;
as_bytes_init_wrap(&bytes, raw, 10, false);

Parameters

bytes	The bytes to initialize.
value	The initial value.
size	The number of bytes of the initial value.
free	If true, then `as_bytes_destroy()` will free the value.

Returns: On success, the initializes bytes. Otherwise NULL.

AS_EXTERN as_bytes * as_bytes_new ( uint32_t capacity )

as_bytes * bytes = as_bytes_new(10);

Parameters

capacity The number of bytes to allocate.

Returns: On success, the initializes bytes. Otherwise NULL.

AS_EXTERN as_bytes * as_bytes_new_wrap	(	uint8_t *	value,
		uint32_t	size,
		bool	free
	)

uint8_t raw[10] = {0};
as_bytes * bytes = as_bytes_new_wrap(raw, 10, false);

Parameters

value	The initial value.
size	The number of bytes of the initial value.
free	If true, then `as_bytes_destroy()` will free the value.

Returns: On success, the initializes bytes. Otherwise NULL.

AS_EXTERN bool as_bytes_set	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		const uint8_t *	value,
		uint32_t	size
	)

as_bytes_set(&bytes, 0, (uint8_t[]){'a','b','c'}, 3);

Parameters

bytes	The bytes to write to.
index	The position to write to.
value	The buffer to read from.
size	The number of bytes to read from the value.

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

static bool as_bytes_set_byte	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		uint8_t	value
	)

as_bytes_set_byte(&bytes, 0, 'a');

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

Definition at line 696 of file as_bytes.h.

static bool as_bytes_set_double	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		double	value
	)

as_bytes_set_double(&bytes, 0, 4.4);

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

Definition at line 760 of file as_bytes.h.

static bool as_bytes_set_int16	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		int16_t	value
	)

as_bytes_set_int16(&bytes, 0, 1);

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

Definition at line 712 of file as_bytes.h.

static bool as_bytes_set_int32	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		int32_t	value
	)

as_bytes_set_int32(&bytes, 0, 2);

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

Definition at line 728 of file as_bytes.h.

static bool as_bytes_set_int64	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		int64_t	value
	)

as_bytes_set_int64(&bytes, 0, 3);

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

Definition at line 744 of file as_bytes.h.

static void as_bytes_set_type	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		as_bytes_type	type
	)

Parameters

bytes	The bytes to set the type of.
type	The type for the bytes.

Definition at line 463 of file as_bytes.h.

AS_EXTERN uint32_t as_bytes_set_var_int	(	const as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	index,
		uint32_t	value
	)

as_bytes_set_var_int(&bytes, 0, 36);

The bytes must be sufficiently sized for the data being written. To ensure the bytes is allocated sufficiently, you will need to call as_bytes_ensure().

Returns: The number of bytes copied into byte array.

static uint32_t as_bytes_size ( const as_bytes * bytes )

Parameters

bytes The bytes to get the size of.

Returns: The number of bytes used.

Definition at line 419 of file as_bytes.h.

static uint8_t * as_bytes_tobytes	(	const as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t *	size
	)

Deprecated:: Use as_bytes_get() instead.

Definition at line 947 of file as_bytes.h.

static as_val * as_bytes_toval ( const as_bytes * b )

Definition at line 967 of file as_bytes.h.

AS_EXTERN bool as_bytes_truncate	(	as_bytes *	bytes,
		uint32_t	n
	)

This means, if the buffer has size of 100, and we truncate 10, then the remaining size is 90.

Truncation does not modify the capacity of the buffer.

as_bytes_truncate(&bytes, 10);

Parameters

bytes	The bytes to truncate.
n	The number of bytes to remove from the end.

Returns: On success, true. Otherwise an error occurred.

Field Documentation

uint32_t as_bytes::capacity

The number of bytes allocated to as_bytes.value.

Definition at line 262 of file as_bytes.h.

bool as_bytes::free

If true, then as_bytes.value will be freed when as_bytes_destroy() is called.

Definition at line 278 of file as_bytes.h.

uint32_t as_bytes::size

The number of bytes used by as_bytes.value.

Definition at line 267 of file as_bytes.h.

as_bytes_type as_bytes::type

The type of bytes.

Definition at line 283 of file as_bytes.h.

uint8_t* as_bytes::value

A sequence of bytes.

Definition at line 272 of file as_bytes.h.

The documentation for this struct was generated from the following file:

as_bytes.h

Detailed Description

Initialization

Wrapping Byte Arrays

Destruction

Usage

Conversions

Data Fields

Related Functions

Friends And Related Function Documentation

Field Documentation